The Role of Pharmacogenomics in Personalized Medicine: Improving Drug Efficacy and Safety

Abstract

Background: Pharmacogenomics refers to the way in which genomic factors affect drug response, and serves an important function in the growing field of tailored medicine. When genes that influence the response to specific medications are found, healthcare serves are made more effective for the individual patient due to optimizing the drug’s effectiveness and reducing adverse effects.

Aim: The purpose of this study is to investigate roles of pharmacogenomics in enhancing drug effectiveness by offering further individualized prescriptions that are tied to genetic predispositions regarding medication activation and distribution along with clinical uses of the concept.

Methods: An analysis of related literature was done to assess the effects of pharmacogenomics on drug response variability, especially a discussion on new testing measures and their application in management of the variability.

Results: The evidence squarely suggests that pharmacogenomics testing optimizes the administration of drugs based on molecular guideline that is developed based on an individual’s DNA; meaning that pharmacogenomics testing results in enhanced therapeutic benefits, fewer side effects and a lowest rate of trial and error with drugs. Primary pharmacogenomics genes implicated in treatment included cancer therapy, cardiovascular agents, and drugs used in psychiatry.

Conclusion: Pharmacogenomics is a high profile subject that contributes remarkably to the goals of personalizing treatments, increasing the effectiveness of drugs and the overall quality of animal care. However, there are limitations, and efforts toward implementing genetic testing in clinical practice will in the long run make treatments better and safer.