Combining Pharmacotherapy and Nutrition in Cancer Treatment. An Update.

Abstract

The integration of pharmacotherapy and nutrition in cancer treatment offers a comprehensive approach that can enhance patient outcomes by addressing both therapeutic and metabolic needs. Pharmacotherapy, which includes chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy, is central to cancer treatment but often brings severe side effects that compromise patients' nutritional status and overall health. Optimal nutritional support, tailored to each patient’s needs, can improve treatment tolerance, support immune function, and potentially enhance drug efficacy. Research has shown that certain dietary interventions, such as specific nutrient supplementation, caloric modulation, and the ketogenic diet, can interact with pharmacotherapy, potentially sensitizing cancer cells to treatment while protecting normal cells. This combination approach not only aims to improve survival outcomes but also enhances quality of life by mitigating treatment-related complications, including cachexia and gastrointestinal distress. Further investigation is needed to develop evidence-based guidelines for incorporating nutrition into cancer pharmacotherapy to maximize therapeutic benefits and minimize adverse effects.